Single-step synthesis of a polyelectrolyte complex hollow-fiber membrane for forward osmosis

We present the simultaneous synthesis of a hollow fiber membrane with selective layer created by means polyelectrolyte complexation (PEC), to be used as in forward osmosis. The aim this single-step approach was create defect-free robust and circumvent challenges associated coating via interfacial polymerization. nascent PEC characterized SEM imaging well determining streaming potential pure water permeance. also evaluated several electrolytes draw solutes combination developed selected trisodium citrate (TSC) it showed very high rejection 97 ± 2%. Using 1 M TSC solution promising osmotic performance facing feed (FO) mode, having flux 7.8 0.2 (L·m?2?h?1) reverse salt 2.1 0.7 (g·m?2?h?1). A significantly higher gained PRO mode which attributed ionic strength charged solute near layer. It is highlighted that choice process orientation (FO or mode) are crucial for layers such our conclude shows substantial promise use FO processes using solution. In addition, taken successfully eliminates time-consuming challenging extra step fibers through polymerization, opening up opportunities cost-effective hollow-fiber membranes.